Volume 48

Urban Energy System: A Comprehensive Analysis of BIPV-EV coupling Zhe YU, Zhenwei LU, Wentao XIN, Bin YE

Abstract

Facade photovoltaic (FaPV) can significantly enhance the capabilities of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems as prosumers, while also mitigating the additional electricity demands of electric vehicles (EVs). This study presents a comprehensive analytical framework for optimizing the operation of BIPV-EV systems and evaluating their environmental and economic benefits with a case study in Xiong’an New Area. The Economy-Energy-Environment(3E) parameters are measured for multiple scenarios, and sensitivity analyses are applied to validate the impacts of the changes in electricity prices and BIPV costs on the BIPV-EV system. The simulation results demonstrate that BIPV-EV systems effectively reduce carbon emissions and electricity costs. The installation of FaPV can increase power generation by 67.60% compared to the BIPV system using RPV stand-alone. Regarding urban decarbonization, the adoption of BIPV system can lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions by 41.91% and 34.99%. In each scenario, the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) scenarios in the short-term and long-term are RPV+FaPV (SE)-EV and RPV+FaPV (SW)-EV, where BIPV generates 48.10% and 31.90% of the total electricity generation, respectively. In terms of EV power consumption, The BIPV-EV system can decrease the grid sell ratio by 15.38% compared to the single BIPV scenario. This framework analyzes the potential of integrated systems with EVs under various BIPV scenarios. In cities with nascent BIPV and EV markets, the framework can be used as a strategic tool for urban planners to plan BIPV-EV systems that improve sustainability and energy efficiency.

Keywords rooftop photovoltaic, facade photovoltaic, building-integrated photovoltaic, electric vehicle, BIPV-EV system, Xiong’an New Area